ABSTRACT OF THE WEEK

Tierärztliche Praxis. Ausgabe K, Kleintiere/Heimtiere
Volume 48 | Issue 3 (June 2020)

Nasal transmissible venereal tumours in 12 dogs - a retrospective study.

Nasales Sticker-Sarkom bei 12 Hunden – eine retrospektive Studie.

Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere. June 2020;48(3):164-170.

Nataliia Ignatenko¹, Irina Abramenko², Sara Soto³, Ralf Müeller⁴, Teresa M S A Boehm⁵, Karin Troedson⁶, Csilla Fejos⁷, Johannes Hirschberger⁸

¹ Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian University.; ² Clinical Immunology Department, Research Center for Radiation Medicine.; ³ Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Berne.; ⁴ Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian University.; ⁵ Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian University.; ⁶ Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian University.; ⁷ Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian University.; ⁸ Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian University.

© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was a retrospective analysis of clinical manifestation and treatment outcome of the nasal form of transmissible venereal tumours (TVT).

MATERIAL AND METHODS:Twelve dogs suffering from nasal TVT were included in this study. Patients with primary genital lesions were excluded from the study. Signalment, physical examination and laboratory findings, results of further diagnostics, and treatment results were recorded in all patients.

RESULTS:The study population comprised 9 male and 4 female dogs with an (estimated) age ranging from 3 to 7 years. With one exception all dogs originated from Ukraine. Symptoms of nasal TVT included sneezing, nasal bleeding (all cases), skull infiltration (9 cases), oronasal fistulas (9 cases) and cutaneous fistulas (5 cases). Animals received vincristine sulfate at 0.7 mg/m² i. v. weekly. The treatment course consisted of 4-9 cycles (median 5 cycles). Complete remission was achieved in all cases. All dogs were disease-free during the follow-up period (median 23.5 months, range 12-56 months). All patients tolerated the treatment very well.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE:In conclusion, our data suggest that nasal TVT can have a good response to vincristine treatment. TVT should be considered as a differential diagnosis in sneezing dogs with nasal discharge or bleeding especially in young dogs and in dogs with suspected nasal tumours, even in countries without a stray animal population.

PubMed Other Abstract

ZIEL: Das Ziel dieser Studie war, die klinische Manifestation der nasalen Form des transmissiblen venerischen Tumors (TVT, Sticker-Sarkom) und die Wirksamkeit einer Therapie mit Vincristin retrospektiv zu analysieren.

MATERIAL UND METHODEN:In die Studie wurden 12 Hunde mit einem nasalen TVT einbezogen. Patienten mit primären Genitalläsionen blieben von der Studie ausgeschlossen. Die Auswertung erstreckte sich auf Signalement der Hunde, klinische und labordiagnostische Befunde, Befunde weiterführender Diagnostik sowie Ansprechen auf die Behandlung.

ERGEBNISSE:Bei den Patienten handelte es sich um 9 Rüden und 4 Hündinnen im (geschätzten) Alter von 3–7 Jahren, die mit einer Ausnahme aus der Ukraine stammten. Die Symptome waren Niesen, Nasenbluten (n = 12), Infiltration des Schädels (n = 9), oronasale Fisteln (n = 9) und Hautfisteln (n = 5). Die Tiere erhielten Vincristinsulfat 0,7 mg/m² i. v. wöchentlich in 4–9 Sitzungen (Median 5 Sitzungen). In allen Fällen wurde eine vollständige Remission erreicht und keiner der Hunde zeigte in der Nachbeobachtungszeit (Median 23,5 Monate, Bereich 12–56 Monate) Symptome des TVT. Alle Patienten vertrugen die Behandlung sehr gut.

SCHLUSSFOLGERUNG:Den Ergebnissen zufolge spricht der TVT gut auf eine Behandlung mit Vincristin an. Diese Neoplasie sollte bei niesenden Hunden mit Nasenausfluss, nasalen Blutungen und Gesichtsdeformationen differenzialdiagnostisch Berücksichtigung finden. Dies gilt insbesondere für junge Tiere mit Verdacht auf Nasentumoren, auch wenn diese nicht aus Ländern mit streunenden Hunden stammen.

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