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Main : Course Catalog : Equine Hindlimb Lameness |
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For those of you who are unfamiliar with VIN CE, below you will find samples of 2 different Message Board discussions and a short excerpt from the transcript of the real-time conference room session for the Equine Reproduction course. From the message boards ...
Thread: Uterine Lavage
I lavage the uterus once daily for 2 to 3 days after ovulation. I am concerned that repeated manipulations through the vagina may induce an iatrogenic infection -- as the vagina contains large quantities of bacteria. If a mare still has fluid in her uterus 2 to 3 days after ovulation, pregnancy rates decrease. Oxytocin loses its effectiveness 3 to 4 days after ovulation, as the number of oxytocin receptors decrease after ovulation.
When is uterine fluid a problem? In the 2003 AAEP proceedings Dr. Brinsko described a 2cm depth of fluid at estrus as significant. When can this fluid be ignored or managed with ecbolics alone and when is lavage necessary?
I take into consideration the type of mare that I am breeding, when I evaluate uterine fluid. If there is a small amount of fluid (less than 0.5 cm in a mare with a foal at side), I don't lavage before breeding, but I will after breeding. If it is a maiden mare that will be bred with frozen semen and her cervix is tight, I lavage before breeding and start her on Estrumate. If there is fluid in a barren mare, or a mare that had bacteria isolated from her uterus the cycle before, I consider it a problem and will lavage the uterus and sometimes re-culture. In my opinion, you need to put all your findings together and consider the age, status of the mare, and type of semen to be used when dealing with mares that have uterine fluid.
Thread: Mannose Treatment Created by Jennifer Schwind: I'd like opinions from the collective concerning Mannose uterine treatment. I used this on my own mare (with a persistantly Strep infected uterus) last year causing a purulent vaginal discharge, and I used it again this year to get reflux of increasingly cloudy to overtly purulent(-looking) material. Eventually the reflux cleared, I also treated with appropriate antibiotics, and the post-treatment culture was negative. I was, needless to write, concerned about the discharge and wondered if others had this experience?
Started using Mannose this season. Am very pleased with results on resistant infections, especially candida. Have used the product pre and post breeding in roughly 12 mares with no side effects. Did you do a cytology on the discharge/check for fungal organisms? Is this mare a urine pooler?
For those unfamiliar with mannose treatment, here is some background information -
Use of specific sugars to inhibit bacterial adherence to equine endometrium in vitro.
It is important that the mannose be removed from the uterus after a short period of time. It is a sugar that bacteria will attach to as it is a source of energy for the bacteria. If the Mannose is left in the mare's uterus for more than 30 minutes to an hour, the supplemental energy from the Mannose may result in bacterial multiplcation. Vaginal discharge appears to be pus. This discharge may be generated from the white blood cells, or the continued presence of bacteria. It is important that the concentration of Mannose is appropriate (see the reference in the reply above) for the bacteria that you are treating.
Dr. LeBlanc, Thank you for that piece of info. When I used Mannose on my mare last year, I did not remove it immediately. This year, I infused it, then refluxed immediately. I was 'impressed' with the appearance of the reflux. As I stated in my original post, the mare did culture negative after treatment, so it was successful.
Dr. Webb, This mare did not have a fungal infection nor is she a urine pooler. I did not do a cytology on the reflux, especially on the fourth treatment that appeared so bad. But as I wrote, the mare did culture negative after treatment. Another point is that when I did a saline lavage of the uterus after the last treatment with Mannose, the reflux was clear. Thanks for your expertise.
From the Real-Time Conference session... If you won't be able to attend one of the real-time sessions for your CE course, you can read the full transcript of the session in the course library later. Here's a short excerpt from the recent Equine Reproduction: Infertility Topics joint VIN CE and AAEP course.
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The gold standard for estrus synchronization is the use of progesterone and estradiol injections. The mare must be cycling in order for any synchronization to work. Progesterone and estrogen (P&E) is given for 10 days at a rate of 150 mg of progesterone in oil and 10 mg of estradiol in oil daily. Prostaglandin in given on the 10th day and the mare will usually ovulate between the 19th and 21st day from the start of treatment. Regumate can be given orally but it will not give as tight a synchronization.