Support by FAPESP (Process 05/01693-3).

The autologous bone marrow transplantation is a therapeutic modality very used in the medicine human and being very recently used for the treatment of dogs with lymphoma. However, after bone marrow transplantation occur a varying period of immune incompetence and during this period that the absolute number and proportions of T and B cells are depressed. In this time could occur opportunistic infections. In the present study, seven dogs with lymphoma in remission had been submitted an autologous bone marrow transplantation. The transplant consisted of harvest of bone marrow, preparation and freezing of the stock market that contained the collected material, conditioning of the animal with 500mg/m2 of cyclophosphamide, infusion of the bone marrow and application of granulocyte colony stimulator factor. To evaluate the hematopoietic recovery after transplant, was made hemogram and cytometric analysis of the blood and bone marrow, quantifying the lymphocytic subpopulations CD5+CD4+, CD5+CD8+ and CD45+CD21+ per 120 days after the transplant. Although has not occurred significant difference between the results and the alteration most expressive in the hemogram was the presence of normocytic normochromic anemia. In the immunophenotyping, the reduction of population CD5+CD4+ was observed concomitant with the increase of the population CD5+CD8+, seven days after the transplant. Moreover, the population of cells B decrease per 60 days. Finally, the recovery of the immunity mediated for cells only gave to the 120 days after the autologous bone marrow transplantation and the recovery of the humoral immunity don't occur at least of 120 days of study.