Feline Dentofacial Abnormalities: Mandibular Retrognathism
World Small Animal Veterinary Association Congress Proceedings, 2016
R.D.C. Silva da Costa1; C.G. Almeida Dias2; J. Abreu Pereira1; S. Oliveira Medeiros3; F. Delorme Azevedo1; J. Israel Fernandes1
1College of Veterinary Medicine, UFRRJ - Rural Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; 2College of Veterinary Medicine, UCB - Castelo Branco University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; 3College of Biology, UFRJ - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

The malocclusions are deviations from normal dental arch, the facial skeleton or both, with varied repercussions on the different functions of the stomatognathic system. The class II malocclusion is the most severe occurrence, often found in humans and rare in cats. It is characterized by underdeveloped jaw and lower teeth located after the well-placed maxilla. The retrognathic profile and the observed overbite require adaptations from facial muscles and tongue to deal with abnormal contraction patterns. Feline clinical malocclusion is rare, and it can be a result of traumatic, genetic and nutritional factors. This study aimed to report the class II malocclusion in three Brazilian Shorthaired cats, 8 months old and from the same litter (two males and one female), seen at the Veterinary Hospital of Rural Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. The animals showed weight and development lower than expected. The clinical and radiographic exams showed class II mandibular malocclusion and presence of 504/604 dental elements. A wet hypercaloric diet (Hill's Prescription Diet A/D®) was established to correct the body score which would provide a subsequent safe removal of deciduous teeth. As in humans, the malocclusion type II (mandibular retrognathism) observed in the domestic feline patient may result in underdevelopment, loss of quality of life, muscle pain, limitation and deviation in the mandibular path, and joint noises during opening and closing the mouth. Due to feline physiological and behavioral features, nutritional support becomes essential for a better prognosis and consequent quality of life.

  

Speaker Information
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R.D.C. Silva da Costa
College of Veterinary Medicine
UFRRJ - Rural Federal University of Rio de Janeiro
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil


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