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ABSTRACT OF THE WEEK

Today's Veterinary Practice
Volume 13 | Issue 1 (Jan-Feb 2023)

Simple, Practical, and Inexpensive Diagnostics: They Tell Us More Than We May Think

Today's Vet Pract. Jan-Feb 2023;13(1):78-89. 53 Refs
Riley Claude1, Stuart Walton
1 College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida-Gainesville, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA.

Author Abstract

Despite the ever-expanding assortment of diagnostic tests becoming available, do not overlook simple, practical, and affordable diagnostic tests. When performed correctly, these economical tests provide a wealth of information to facilitate diagnosis and treatment of patients.

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Archives Highlights:
Rabies surveillance in the United States during 2021.
Texas (n = 456 [12.4%]), Virginia (297 [8.1%]), Pennsylvania (287 [7.8%]), North Carolina (248 [6.8%]), New York (237 [6.5%]), California (220 [6.0%]), and New Jersey (201 [5.5%]) together accounted for > 50% of all animal rabies cases reported in 2021. Of the total reported rabid animals, 3,352 (91.5%) involved wildlife, with bats (n = 1,241 [33.9%]), raccoons (1,030 [28.1%]), skunks (691 [18.9%]), and foxes (314 [8.6%]) representing the primary hosts confirmed with rabies. Rabid cats (216 [5.9%]), cattle (40 [1.1%]), and dogs (36 [1.0%]) accounted for 94% of rabies cases involving domestic animals in 2021. Five human rabies deaths were reported in 2021.
Antimicrobial use in the surgical treatment of canine pyometra: A questionnaire survey of Arizona-licensed veterinarians.
Overall, 76% of veterinarians stated they always use preoperative and perioperative antibiotics, and 74% stated they always use postoperative antibiotics. A total of 16 different antibiotics were reported. Twelve percent of respondents regularly submitted a culture. Culture submission was impacted by cost, prior experience, poor owner compliance, result turnaround time, and anticipated results.
"Do Your Homework as Your Heart Takes over When You Go Looking": Factors Associated with Pre-Acquisition Information-Seeking among Prospective UK Dog Owners.
Of potential owners, 68% reported already having looked for information, while a further 14% were planning to undertake research prior to acquiring a dog. Those with previous dog ownership experience were less likely to undertake pre-acquisition research, as were those who had worked with dogs. Among current owners, pre-acquisition research was more likely among those who acquired their dog through a breeder; a specific breed or a mix of two breeds; or as a puppy.
Toxocara cati Infection in Cats
The Companion Animal Parasite Council recommends testing kittens for intestinal parasites at least 4 times in the first year of life and twice a year thereafter. Although the prepatent period for T cati infection is 8 weeks, to combat any potential of hookworm infection, treatment for parasitic infection should be initiated at 2 weeks of age and repeated every 2 weeks until regular broad-spectrum parasite control is begun.
Sternal Abnormalities on Thoracic Radiographs of Dogs and Cats.
Sternal abnormalities were observed in 189/777 (24%) dogs and 53/183 (29%) cats, mostly around the intersternebral cartilages, accounting for 32/80 (40%) dogs and 20/35 (57%) cats. This was followed by an abnormal number of sternal segments (8% dogs, range 3-9 sternebrae; 15% cats, range 7-9 sternebra). Pectus excavatum was observed in 6/777 (0.8%) dogs and 6/183 (3%) cats, and pectus carinatum in 18/777 (2%) dogs and 2/183 (1%) cats.

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