Abstract

Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) outbreaks have caused high mortality rates in wild carnivore populations, in which domestic dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) have been involved as proven or suspected sources of infection.^1,2,4 The study of infectious diseases affecting the Sechuran fox (Lycalopex sechurae) has been identified as a priority by the Action Plan for Canids Conservation⁵ supported by research highlighting the potential for pathogen transmission between domestic dogs and Sechuran foxes inhabiting rural areas of northern Peru.³ Serum samples from 82 non-vaccinated domestic dogs and 13 free-ranging Sechuran foxes were collected in rural communities of the Piura region, located on the northern coast of Peru. Samples were assessed for antibodies against CDV using indirect immunofluorescence. Demographic data and information about the husbandry of domestic dogs was collected by means of questionnaires, and anthropogenic impact on the environment of the communities was qualitatively assessed. Antibodies against CDV were detected in 34.1% (28/82) and 46.2% (6/13) domestic dogs and Sechuran foxes, respectively. A substantial percentage of CDV positive dogs were born in the same area where they were sampled (46.4%) and were allowed to roam freely in different areas (39.3%). Neither dog lifestyle nor dog translocation was significantly associated with CDV serologic status. Anthropogenic impact and presence of CDV antibodies in both dogs and Sechuran foxes were significantly associated. These results suggest that exposure of domestic dogs and Sechuran foxes to CDV have naturally occurred in rural areas on the northern coast of Peru and anthropogenic impact might increase CDV exposure risk.

Acknowledgements

This study was financially supported by the Veterinary Student Scholar Program (D09ZO-603) of the Morris Animal Foundation and the Research Superior Council (120801171) of San Marcos University.

Literature Cited

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