This communication presents angiocardiograms and related images of congenital cardiovascular abnormalities. Many of these were published in the references below. Viewers who want to look at specific abnormalities without self-testing can click here to see a list of the figures in this site. Acquired abnormalities are shown separately in Angiocardiography 101-acquired. Additional images of some congenital abnormalities will be presented in separate sites under development. Clinical features and surgery for some conditions are presented in the Small Animal Cardiac Surgery collection.

For self-study and testing, all angiographic images are presented without labels then duplicated with labels and captions. Readers are encouraged to determine where the contrast material (Cardiografin 85% or Renografin 76%, 0.5cc/lb, or @1cc/kg)] was injected and what abnormality was demonstrated before advancing to the labeled image and caption.

Figure one is a diagram of the circulation, normal pressures and common shunts. Self-test viewers should print the page and try to add labels to all parts of the circulation along with normal systolic and diastolic pressures. The pressures determine the direction and timing of blood flow across shunts and valves and guide optimal catheter positioning for selective angiocardiography. Figure two shows an inexpensive cassette changing device that was used to make several of the angiocardiograms in this series before more sophisticated and expensive equipment became available (1).

Former residents and colleagues at the University of Pennsylvania are acknowledged for performing some of the angiographic studies in this site.

References:

1. Patterson DF, and Botts RP. A simple cassette changer. Sm An Clin. 1:1-11, 1961
2. Buchanan JW, Detweiler DK, and Hubben K:Clinico-Pathologic Conference: Pulmonic stenosis and patent foramen ovale in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc 139:701-707, 1961.
3. Buchanan JW: Persistent left cranial vena cava in dogs: Angiocardiography, significance and co-existing anomalies. J Am Vet Radiol Soc (now Vet Radiol and Ultrasound) 4:1-8, 1963.
4. Buchanan JW: Selective Angiography and Angiocardiography in Dogs with Acquired Cardiovascular Disease. J Am Vet Radiol Soc 6:5-20, 1965.
5. Buchanan JW, and Patterson DF: Selective angiography and angiocardiography in dogs with congenital cardiovascular disease. J Am Vet Radiol Soc 6:21-39, 1965.
6. Buchanan JW, and Pyle RL: Cardiac tamponade during catheterization of a dog with congenital heart disease. J Am Vet Med Assoc 149:1056-1066, 1966.
7. Buchanan JW: Patent ductus arteriosus and persistent right aortic arch surgery in dogs. J Sm An Pract 9:409-428, 1968.
8. Lombard CW, Knight DH, Buchanan JW, and Riffle RA: Aortopulmonary window in a dog. A clinicopathologic conference. J Am Vet Med Assoc 172:75-80, 1978.
9. Buchanan JW: Pulmonic stenosis caused by single coronary artery in dogs: 4 cases (1965-1984). J Am Vet Med Assoc196:115-120, 1990.
10. Sammarco CD, Regan J, Ward CR and Buchanan JW: Caudal venous return through a left azygous vein in a dog. Vet Radiol. and Ultrasound 36:517-522, 1995.
11. Buchanan JW. Patent ductus arteriosus: Morphology, pathogenesis, types and treatment. Jr Vet Cardiology 3;7-16, 2001.
12. Buchanan JW. Tracheal signs and associated vascular anomalies in dogs with persistent right aortic arch. Jr Vet Intern Med. 18:510-514, 2004

Figure 1

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Figure 2

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Figure 3

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Figure 4

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Figure 5

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Figure 6

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Figure 7

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Figure 8

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Figure 9

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Figure 10

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Figure 11

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Figure 12

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Figure 13

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Fgiure 14

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Figure 15

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Figure 16

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Figure 17

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Figure 18

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Figure 19

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Figure 20

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Figure 21

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Figure 22

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Figure 23

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Figure 24

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Figure 25

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Figure 26

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Figure 27

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Figure 28

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Figure 29

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Figure 30

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Figure 31

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Figure 32

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Figure 33

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Figure 34

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Figure 35

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Figure 36

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Figure 37

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Figure 38

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Figure 39

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Figure 40

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102 Angiocardiography - Congenital - list of figures
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1. Circulation diagram
2. Simple cassette changer
3. Normal angiocardiogram
4. Persistent left cranial vena cava
5. Two venae cavae
6. Left azygos vein
7. Tricuspid dysplasia
8. Pulmonic stenosis-valvular
9. Pulmonic stenosis-supra- and subvalvular
10. Pulmonic stenosis-immediate subvalvular
11. Pulmonic stenosis-valvular and infundibular
12. Pulmonic stenosis-single right coronary artery
13. Double chambered right ventricle
14. Pulmonic stenosis and atrial septal defect
15. Pulmonic stenosis and patent foramen ovale
16. Patent ductus arteriosus
17. Ductal aortic aneurysm
18. Patent ductus arteriosus with right-to-left shunt
19. Patent ductus arteriosus bidirectional
20. Atrial septal defect
21. Ventricular septal defect
22. Ventricular septal defect and aortic insufficiency
23. Ventricular septal defect and pulmonic stenosis
24. Double outlet right ventricle
25. Tetralogy of Fallot
26. Pulmonic stenosis-infundibular
27. Aorticopulmonary window
28. Mitral regurgitation
29. Subaortic stenosis-mild
30. Subaortic stenosis-severe
31. Hypoplastic aortic root
32. Persistent right aortic arch
33. Retroesophageal left subclavian artery
34. Retroesophageal left subclavian artery-DV
35. Persistent right aortic arch and PDA
36. Double aortic arch
37. Coarctation of the aorta
38. Interrupted aorta
39. Cor triatriatum dextra
40. Cor triatriatum sinister